When Does Acid Reflux Turn Into Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD)?
Acid reflux is a common condition when stomach acid flows back into the esophagus, causing discomfort like heartburn. Many people experience it occasionally, but when acid reflux occurs frequently or becomes more severe, it may indicate a more serious condition known as gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).
November is GERD Awareness Month, and here at Eastside Bariatric & General Surgery, surgeon Aliu O. Sanni, MD, and our team want to take a moment to talk about the condition and explain why timely treatment is so important.
Acid reflux explained
Acid reflux happens when the lower esophageal sphincter, a ring of muscle between the esophagus and stomach, fails to close properly after you’ve eaten. This allows stomach acid to escape into your esophagus, causing symptoms like:
- Heartburn (a burning sensation in the chest)
- Regurgitation (the backflow of sour or bitter-tasting acid into the mouth)
- Dysphagia (a feeling that food is stuck in your throat)
- Bloating and burping (the release of gas that can follow a reflux episode)
Most people experience these symptoms occasionally, and they often resolve quickly without treatment. Simple lifestyle changes like avoiding certain foods, eating smaller meals, or elevating your head while sleeping can help prevent mild cases of acid reflux.
When acid reflux becomes GERD
If acid reflux occurs more than twice a week, persists over time, and interferes with your daily activities, it may be classified as GERD. The key difference is the frequency and intensity of symptoms. With GERD, symptoms can be more persistent, leading to potential complications if left untreated.
Some of the warning signs that acid reflux has progressed to GERD include:
- Frequent heartburn (more than twice a week)
- Chronic cough or hoarseness (acid irritating the throat or voice box)
- Chest pain (can mimic heart conditions, requiring immediate attention)
- Difficulty swallowing (the result of esophageal inflammation or narrowing)
Another symptom of GERD includes nighttime reflux, causing sleep disturbances.
Long-term complications of GERD
Untreated GERD can cause serious complications, such as:
- Esophagitis (inflammation of the esophagus)
- Esophageal stricture (narrowing of the esophagus due to scar tissue formation)
- Barrett's esophagus (where the lining of the esophagus changes, increasing the risk of esophageal cancer)
We encourage you to book an appointment at our practice if you have signs of GERD. An early diagnosis can prevent the condition from worsening.
Managing GERD
Treatment may include medications like proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) or H2 blockers to reduce stomach acid production. We may also recommend lifestyle modifications, such as:
- Avoiding trigger foods (e.g., fatty foods, chocolate, alcohol)
- Eating smaller, more frequent meals
- Maintaining a healthy weight
Surgery is an option, too, if you don’t respond to medication. We can determine if you’re a candidate for a minimally invasive transoral incisionless fundoplication (TIF) procedure.
During GERD Awareness Month, take the opportunity to assess your symptoms and seek our medical advice. Early diagnosis and proper treatment can prevent GERD from causing more significant health issues.
If you suffer from symptoms of GERD, call our office at 201-565-0876 today to schedule an evaluation with Dr. Sanni at our Snellville, Georgia, office, or request an appointment through this website.